e6a7da6d-a712-4e5e-9937-964c458be361Anodized Aluminum Extrusion - FRONTIER (A1-A3)production mixproduction mix, at producerAluminiumSystemsConstructionThis dataset is modelled according to the European Standard EN 15804 for Sustainable Construction. Results are declared in modules, which allows the structured expression of results throughout the life cycle.
A1-A3: Product stage, containing the following modules:
* A1, raw material extraction and processing, processing of secondary material input (e.g. recycling processes),
* A2, transport to the manufacturer,
* A3, manufacturing.343The data set represents the specific situation, focusing on the main technologies, the region specific characteristics and / or import statistics.Foreground system: Modules A1-A3 include the cradle-to-gate information for Frontier’s aluminum extrusion products. Aluminum rods arrive at Frontier’s facility ready for extrusion, shipped via a container ship (approximately 12,000) kilometers to the Port of Long Beach, then transported to Corona, CA via truck (approximately 70 kilometers). The rods are shipped as intermediate products in lengths of 23 feet and diameters of 8 and 9 inches. Once at the facility, the rods are heated, pushed through dies to achieve the appropriate geometry, and then cut to size. The extruded aluminum is then either sent for finishing to the anodizing or powder-coating facility in Mexico, or packaged and prepared for distribution at the same California facility. The aluminum extrusions to be anodized are cleaned and placed in an acid bath. An electric current sent through the bath creates an aluminum oxide film on the extrusion. They are then colored or left as is, with a final sealing process at the end. Any scrap generated during the extrusion and finishing processes are collected and sent to recycling facilities; in the LCA model, the a credit is applied for the recycled scrap, which is equivalent to the virgin aluminum less recycling operations (e.g., cleaning, remelting, casting). Aluminum extrusions sent to finishing are transported via truck (approximately 230 kilometers) and are returned to the California facility upon completion, where they are packaged and prepared for distribution. Both facilities use a standard clarifier for water leaving the plant and being sent to the sewer system. No other emissions control equipment is being used.
Background system: Addressed below (electricity and energy)
Electricity: Electricity is modelled according to the individual country-specific situations. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly, individual energy carrier specific power plants and plants for renewable energy sources are modelled according to the current national electricity grid mix. Modelling the electricity consumption mix includes transmission / distribution losses and the own use by energy producers (own consumption of power plants and "other" own consumption e.g. due to pumped storage hydro power etc.), as well as imported electricity. Secondly, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled as well as the share of electricity plants and combined heat and power plants (CHP). Thirdly, the country-specific energy carrier supply (share of imports and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific energy carrier properties (e.g. element and energy content) are accounted for. Fourthly, the exploration, mining/production, processing and transport processes of the energy carrier supply chains are modelled according to the specific situation of each electricity producing country. The different production and processing techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different energy producing countries are considered, e.g. different crude oil production technologies or different flaring rates at the oil platforms.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to emission standards and considered energy carriers. The thermal energy and process steam are produced at heat plants. Efficiencies for thermal energy production are by definition 100% in relation to the corresponding energy carrier input. For process steam the efficiency ranges from 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity above).
Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refining techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption, etc.) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific situation with the respective properties of the resources.Aluminium extrusion profileAluminum for various applications, including construction, automotive, and retail goods.EPD_Anodized aluminum extrusion (Frontier).jpgLCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - market valueAllocation - net calorific valueAllocation - exergetic contentAllocation - massnoneAll data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneCut-off rules for each unit process: Coverage of at least 95% of mass and energy of the input and output flows, and 98% of their environmental relevance (according to expert judgment).NoneLCI modelling is fully consistent.NoneFor details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles". All relevant background data such as energy and auxiliary material are taken from the GaBi Databases, keeping consistencyNoneGaBi databases100.0Survey of Frontier operations in 20122012NoneThe environmental profile includes the impacts from the "Cradle to gate" system. It is based on the literature research and primary data from industry. When analyzing the whole life cycle (cradle to grave) system, the appropriate recycling process must be included (recycling potential of aluminum)No statementTRACI 2.1, Ecotoxicity (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, cancer (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, non-canc. (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, Resources, Fossil fuelsTRACI 2.1, Human Health Particulate AirTRACI 2.1, Ozone Depletion AirTRACI 2.1, Smog AirTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, AcidificationTRACI 2.1, EutrophicationTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, LUC only, no norm/weightThe LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040 and 14044. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.
The LCA background report was reviewed by UL Environment as part of the EPD verification process.thinkstepIABP-GaBiIBP-GaBiThe dataset and systems, which are provided with our software and databases for public use into a broad user community, are constantly used, compared, benchmarked, screened, reviewed and results published in various external, professional and third party LCA applications in industry, academia and politics. So user feedback via the online GaBi forum or direct via user information is a standard routine in the maintenance and update process and leads to stable quality and constant control and improvement of data, if knowledge or technology improves or industrial process chains develop or change.GaBi user forumGaBi bug forumGaBi user communitythinkstepThe data set represents a cradle to gate inventory. It can be used to characterise the supply chain situation of the respective commodity in a representative manner. Combination with individual unit processes using this commodity enables the generation of user-specific (product) LCAs. The data set does not necessarily fit for any possible specific supply situation - especially if significantly different technology routes exist - but is representative for a common supply chain situation.thinkstep2018-02-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.1thinkstepNo official approval by producer or operator2018-02-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedGaBi databasesthinksteptrueOtherThe EPD owner has agreed to add LCI information corresponding to the EPD to the GaBi databases. The data set can be used free of charge by anybody to perform LCA studies with GaBi software and databases. Any use of the LCI data outside of the GaBi software and databases should not be considered before having received any written permission from thinkstep.
GaBi (source code, database including extension databases modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of thinkstep AG.. thinkstep AG delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Aluminium extrusion anodised - FrontierOutput907.0907.00Mixed primary / secondaryMeasured