0b728a5c-e5c1-454e-9100-d6a35483412aSteel joist - Steel Joist Institute (SJI) (A1-A3)joist productionproduction mix, at plantSystemsConstructionThis dataset represents the cradle-to-gate production of steel joists. It contains the results for the modules A1-A3 according to EN 15804. It includes the production of structural sections and other steel components from the precursor materials through to raw material extraction and processing, their transport to the factory and the joist production itself, including the provision of all supplies and ancillary materials, energy, and the complete waste treatment or the residual waste during the stage of production.
A comparison with other products is only allowed by a similar application in the building. In principle, a comparison or evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all the datasets are created to be compared to EN 15804 and the product-specific features are considered.472The data represents joist production in the United States from structural sections and other steel products produced in North America (mostly via electric arc furnace).Foreground system:
Joists are custom engineered to suit the design of each building. Steel joists are made of five main components: top chord, bottom chord, end web and interior web members and bearing seats. These components are cut, bent and assembled (welded) to create the joist.
The major input to the manufacturing process is steel. In addition, small amounts of process materials are needed, such as lubricants for the machines and electrodes and gases for welding. Energy is also needed to perform the manufacturing and move the materials. Manufacturing produces some metal scrap, which is assumed to be recycled.
Background system:
Electricity: Electricity is modelled according to the individual country-specific situations. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly, individual energy carrier specific power plants and plants for renewable energy sources are modelled according to the current national electricity grid mix. Modelling the electricity consumption mix includes transmission / distribution losses and the own use by energy producers (own consumption of power plants and "other" own consumption e.g. due to pumped storage hydro power etc.), as well as imported electricity. Secondly, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled as well as the share of electricity plants and combined heat and power plants (CHP). Thirdly, the country-specific energy carrier supply (share of imports and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific energy carrier properties (e.g. element and energy content) are accounted for. Fourthly, the exploration, mining/production, processing and transport processes of the energy carrier supply chains are modelled according to the specific situation of each electricity producing country. The different production and processing techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different energy producing countries are considered, e.g. different crude oil production technologies or different flaring rates at the oil platforms.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to emission standards and considered energy carriers. The thermal energy and process steam are produced at heat plants. Efficiencies for thermal energy production are by definition 100% in relation to the corresponding energy carrier input. For process steam the efficiency ranges from 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity above).
Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refining techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption, etc.) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific situation with the respective properties of the resources.Hot rolled structural steel sectionsSteel wire rodSteel hot rolled coil (version released in 2011)Steel plate (version released in 2011)joists for building and construction applicationsConstruction_US_steelJoist_EPD.JPGLCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - net calorific valueAllocation - massNoneAll data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneEN15804GaBi Water Modelling PrinciplesCut-off rules for each unit process: Coverage of at least 95% of mass and energy of the input and output flows, and 98% of their environmental relevance (according to expert judgment).NoneLCI modelling is fully consistent.NoneFor details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneGaBi databases85.0Joist data were collected from member companies of the Steel Joist Institute (SJI).Not applicable2012NoneA1-A3: The environmental profile represents cradle-to-gate (module A1-A3) of steel joists.No statementThe LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040 and 14044. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.
thinkstepULSJIThis cradle-to-gate dataset can be used for in LCA studies.thinkstep2018-02-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.1thinkstepNo official approval by producer or operator2018-02-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedGaBi databasesthinksteptrueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension databases modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of thinkstep AG. thinkstep AG delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Steel joistOutput1.01.00Mixed primary / secondaryMeasured